USD/JPY rises to near 143.00 following lower-than-expected Japan GDP data

USD/JPY breaks its four-day losing streak after weaker Gross Domestic Product data from Japan on Monday.
Friday’s US labor data reduces the likelihood of an aggressive Fed rate cut in September.
CME FedWatch Tool suggests the odds of a 50 basis points Fed rate cut have slightly decreased to 29.0%.

USD/JPY halts its four-day losing streak, trading around 142.90 during the Asian session on Monday. The USD/JPY pair's recovery can be partly attributed to lower-than-expected Gross Domestic Product (GDP) data from Japan. However, robust economic growth, rising wages, and persistent inflationary pressures continue to support expectations that the Bank of Japan (BoJ) may further raise interest rates, which could limit the downside for the Japanese Yen (JPY).

Japan's GDP Annualized expanded by 2.9% in the second quarter, slightly below the preliminary reading of 3.1% and the market estimate of 3.2%. However, this reading marks the strongest yearly expansion since Q1 2023. On a quarter-on-quarter basis, GDP grew by 0.7% in Q2, falling short of the market forecast of 0.8% but representing the strongest quarterly growth since Q2 2023.

Additionally, the US Dollar received support as Friday’s US economic data raised uncertainty over the likelihood of an aggressive interest rate cut by the Federal Reserve (Fed) at its September meeting. According to the CME FedWatch Tool, markets are fully anticipating at least a 25 basis point (bps) rate cut by the Federal Reserve at its September meeting. The likelihood of a 50 bps rate cut has slightly decreased to 29.0%, down from 30.0% a week ago.

The US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) reported that Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) added 142,000 jobs in August, below the forecast of 160,000 but an improvement from July’s downwardly revised figure of 89,000. Meanwhile, the Unemployment Rate fell to 4.2%, as expected, down from 4.3% in the previous month.

Japanese Yen FAQs

What key factors drive the Japanese Yen?

The Japanese Yen (JPY) is one of the world’s most traded currencies. Its value is broadly determined by the performance of the Japanese economy, but more specifically by the Bank of Japan’s policy, the differential between Japanese and US bond yields, or risk sentiment among traders, among other factors.

How do the decisions of the Bank of Japan impact the Japanese Yen?

One of the Bank of Japan’s mandates is currency control, so its moves are key for the Yen. The BoJ has directly intervened in currency markets sometimes, generally to lower the value of the Yen, although it refrains from doing it often due to political concerns of its main trading partners. The current BoJ ultra-loose monetary policy, based on massive stimulus to the economy, has caused the Yen to depreciate against its main currency peers. This process has exacerbated more recently due to an increasing policy divergence between the Bank of Japan and other main central banks, which have opted to increase interest rates sharply to fight decades-high levels of inflation.

How does the differential between Japanese and US bond yields impact the Japanese Yen?

The BoJ’s stance of sticking to ultra-loose monetary policy has led to a widening policy divergence with other central banks, particularly with the US Federal Reserve. This supports a widening of the differential between the 10-year US and Japanese bonds, which favors the US Dollar against the Japanese Yen.

How does broader risk sentiment impact the Japanese Yen?

The Japanese Yen is often seen as a safe-haven investment. This means that in times of market stress, investors are more likely to put their money in the Japanese currency due to its supposed reliability and stability. Turbulent times are likely to strengthen the Yen’s value against other currencies seen as more risky to invest in.

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