US Dollar rebounds with markets awaiting directions
- Conflicting White House statements regarding additional levies on Chinese imports create choppy market conditions.
- Investors expect no immediate rate cuts in the first half of the year, aligning with the robust performance of the US economy despite limited Fed official remarks.
- Analysts still attribute the US Dollar’s underlying strength to the US’ enduring economic advantage relative to global peers.
The US Dollar trades flat on Wednesday after two days of losses as the correction aims to continue. Markets are trying to measure the impact of the 10% levy on Chinese goods that President Trump announced on Tuesday. The US Dollar Index (DXY) tests the 108.00 mark and is set to head to the lower end of 107.00. On the Federal Reserve (Fed) side, the bank is in media blackout and with no high-tier economic reports, markets are left with no guidance to bet on the next steps of the data-dependent Fed.
Daily digest market movers: Mixed signals intensify tariff confusion as Fed blackout continues
- President Trump revealed a potential 10% duty on products from China, linking it to broader concerns about fentanyl flows and reiterating that other nations might face tariffs too. This follows earlier rumors that the US administration might hold off on immediate measures, underscoring the contradictory rhetoric.
- Strong US Dollar backdrop remains primarily driven by the US economy’s standout growth despite swirling headlines on trade policy. Analysts suggest that once the tariff fog clears, the US Dollar could reassert its dominance.
- Fed media blackout: Ahead of Chair Powell’s post-decision press conference on January 29, officials have gone quiet. Markets widely predict one rate cut in July, consistent with robust US data.
- Uncertainty around tariffs is heightening volatility, yet currency strategists advise traders to look beyond day-to-day political noise as longer-term US economic momentum remains supportive for the Greenback.
DXY technical outlook: Persistent selling pressure weighs, key levels in play
After bears conquered the 20-day Simple Moving Average (SMA), the outlook turned somewhat bearish as the DXY is now vulnerable to further losses. Should the DXY wish to revive its bullish trajectory, it must overcome 109.30 convincingly.
But failure to defend near-term support levels surrounding 107.50 to 108.00 could spark additional downside. The Greenback’s fundamental posture still leans positive, anchored by economic strength and cautious Fed policy expectations.
RBA FAQs
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) sets interest rates and manages monetary policy for Australia. Decisions are made by a board of governors at 11 meetings a year and ad hoc emergency meetings as required. The RBA’s primary mandate is to maintain price stability, which means an inflation rate of 2-3%, but also “..to contribute to the stability of the currency, full employment, and the economic prosperity and welfare of the Australian people.” Its main tool for achieving this is by raising or lowering interest rates. Relatively high interest rates will strengthen the Australian Dollar (AUD) and vice versa. Other RBA tools include quantitative easing and tightening.
While inflation had always traditionally been thought of as a negative factor for currencies since it lowers the value of money in general, the opposite has actually been the case in modern times with the relaxation of cross-border capital controls. Moderately higher inflation now tends to lead central banks to put up their interest rates, which in turn has the effect of attracting more capital inflows from global investors seeking a lucrative place to keep their money. This increases demand for the local currency, which in the case of Australia is the Aussie Dollar.
Macroeconomic data gauges the health of an economy and can have an impact on the value of its currency. Investors prefer to invest their capital in economies that are safe and growing rather than precarious and shrinking. Greater capital inflows increase the aggregate demand and value of the domestic currency. Classic indicators, such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, employment, and consumer sentiment surveys can influence AUD. A strong economy may encourage the Reserve Bank of Australia to put up interest rates, also supporting AUD.
Quantitative Easing (QE) is a tool used in extreme situations when lowering interest rates is not enough to restore the flow of credit in the economy. QE is the process by which the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) prints Australian Dollars (AUD) for the purpose of buying assets – usually government or corporate bonds – from financial institutions, thereby providing them with much-needed liquidity. QE usually results in a weaker AUD.
Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse of QE. It is undertaken after QE when an economic recovery is underway and inflation starts rising. Whilst in QE the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) purchases government and corporate bonds from financial institutions to provide them with liquidity, in QT the RBA stops buying more assets, and stops reinvesting the principal maturing on the bonds it already holds. It would be positive (or bullish) for the Australian Dollar.
Author
Patricio Martín
FXStreet
Patricio is an economist from Argentina passionate about global finance and understanding the daily movements of the markets.
