EUR/USD trades sideways below 1.1100 ahead of US PCE Inflation

EUR/USD trades below 1.1100 as the Eurozone inflation declines in line with estimates.
Soft German inflation already boosted hopes of another ECB interest-rate cut in September.
Upwardly revised US Q2 GDP slightly reduces the chances that the Fed will opt for a bigger rate cut.

EUR/USD trades with caution as the US Dollar (USD) consolidates ahead of the United States (US) Personal Consumption Expenditure Price Index (PCE) for July, which will be published at 12:30 GMT. The US Dollar Index (DXY), which tracks the Greenback’s value against six major currencies, trades slightly below a fresh weekly high of 101.58.

Investors await the US inflation data to get fresh cues about the likely monetary policy action by the Federal Reserve (Fed) in the September meeting. The PCE report is expected to show that year-over-year core inflation rose at a slightly faster pace of 2.7% from 2.6% in June, with monthly figures growing steadily by 0.2%.

Currently, financial markets seem to be confident that the Fed will start reducing interest rates in September. However, traders remain split over the potential size by which the Fed will pivot to policy-normalization.

According to the CME FedWatch tool, 30-day Federal Funds Futures pricing data shows that the likelihood of a probability of 50-basis points (bps) interest rate reduction in September is 33%, while the rest are favoring a cut by 25 bps.

The likelihood of a bigger rate cut has fallen slightly after the US Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) reported that the pace at which the economy grew in the second quarter was higher than previously estimated. The agency reported that the economy grew at a robust pace of 3% on an annualized basis, against the preliminary estimates of 2.8%.

Daily digest market movers: EUR/USD remains sideways ahead of US PCE inflation

EUR/USD stays below 1.1100 in Friday’s European session as the Eurozone flash annual Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) declines expectedly in August. A preliminary HICP report showed that the headline inflation decelerated to 2.2% from 2.6% in July due to lower energy prices. In the same period, the core HICP – which excludes volatile components like food, energy, alcohol, and tobacco – grew by 2.8%, slower than the former release of 2.9%.
The preliminary inflation data is expected to strengthen market speculation for the European Central Bank's (ECB) September interest rate cuts and, more broadly, the policy-easing path for the remainder of the year.
Financial market participants already seem to be confident that the ECB will cut its key borrowing rates in September again. The ECB pivoted to policy-normalization in June but left interest rates unchanged in August. Market expectations for ECB September rate cuts increased sharply after data released on Thursday showed that price pressures in the Eurozone’s largest nation, Germany, returned to 2% for the first time in more than three years. Also, the economy is exposed to a technical recession as it contracted by 0.1% in the second quarter of this year and its economic outlook is vulnerable. Other Eurozone economies, such as France or Spain, have also seen a significant inflation decline in August.
"Fading inflationary pressure combined with fading growth momentum offers an almost perfect macro backdrop for another rate cut," said Carsten Brzeski, global head of macro at ING, in a note on Thursday.
The ECB is also expected to deliver an additional interest rate cut somewhere in the last quarter of this year.

Technical Analysis: EUR/USD looks support near 20-day EMA

EUR/USD trades inside Thursday’s trading range after steading below the crucial resistance of 1.1100. The near-term outlook of the major currency pair is still firm as all short-to-long-term Exponential Moving Averages (EMAs) are sloping higher. Also, the major currency pair holds the breakout of the Rising Channel formation on a daily timeframe.

The 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) has declined below 60.00 after turning overbought near 75.00.

On the upside, a recent high of 1.1200 and the July 2023 high at 1.1275 will be the next stop for the Euro bulls. The downside is expected to remain cushioned near the psychological support of 1.1000.

Inflation FAQs

What is inflation?

Inflation measures the rise in the price of a representative basket of goods and services. Headline inflation is usually expressed as a percentage change on a month-on-month (MoM) and year-on-year (YoY) basis. Core inflation excludes more volatile elements such as food and fuel which can fluctuate because of geopolitical and seasonal factors. Core inflation is the figure economists focus on and is the level targeted by central banks, which are mandated to keep inflation at a manageable level, usually around 2%.

What is the Consumer Price Index (CPI)?

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in prices of a basket of goods and services over a period of time. It is usually expressed as a percentage change on a month-on-month (MoM) and year-on-year (YoY) basis. Core CPI is the figure targeted by central banks as it excludes volatile food and fuel inputs. When Core CPI rises above 2% it usually results in higher interest rates and vice versa when it falls below 2%. Since higher interest rates are positive for a currency, higher inflation usually results in a stronger currency. The opposite is true when inflation falls.

What is the impact of inflation on foreign exchange?

Although it may seem counter-intuitive, high inflation in a country pushes up the value of its currency and vice versa for lower inflation. This is because the central bank will normally raise interest rates to combat the higher inflation, which attract more global capital inflows from investors looking for a lucrative place to park their money.

How does inflation influence the price of Gold?

Formerly, Gold was the asset investors turned to in times of high inflation because it preserved its value, and whilst investors will often still buy Gold for its safe-haven properties in times of extreme market turmoil, this is not the case most of the time. This is because when inflation is high, central banks will put up interest rates to combat it. Higher interest rates are negative for Gold because they increase the opportunity-cost of holding Gold vis-a-vis an interest-bearing asset or placing the money in a cash deposit account. On the flipside, lower inflation tends to be positive for Gold as it brings interest rates down, making the bright metal a more viable investment alternative.

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