EUR/USD jumps to 1.0850 as ECB refrains to commit subsequent rate cuts beyond June

EUR/USD rises above 1.0850 on a thinly traded day.
The Euro strengthens as investors remain uncertain over ECB reducing rates in July too.
Investors expect that the Fed will start lowering borrowing rates in the last quarter of this year.

EUR/USD jumps above 1.0850 in Monday’s American session after a calm start to the week ahead of the release of inflation data on both sides of the Atlantic on Friday. The major currency pair strengthens as European Central Bank (ECB) policymakers avoid to commit about extending the rate-cut cycle beyond the June meeting.

ECB policymakers do not want to promise more rate cuts as they seem to be concerned that aggressive policy easing could revamp price pressures again.

In this context, traders have dialled back expectations of three rate cuts this year and are seeing only two due to recent economic indicators signalling persisting price pressures, such as the Negotiated Wage Rates for the first quarter and the preliminary HCOB Composite Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) data for May.

Higher wage growth deepens households’ pockets, which leads to a significant rise in consumer spending that fuels inflationary pressures. However, ECB board member and Bundesbank President Joachim Nagel downplayed the effect of higher wage growth, stating that it is a lagging indicator and the long-term trend is expected to remain soft.

On the economic front, German IFO data on Business Climate, Current Assessment and Expectations for May has been released. The overall data missed estimates, however, the Euro remains unchanged.

German IFO Business Climate Index dipped slightly to 89.3 from 89.4 in April. Investors forecasted a sharp rise to 90.3.

The Current Economic Assessment Index declined to 88.3 from 88.9 in April, missing the consensus of 89.9.

The IFO Expectations Index, which indicates firms’ projections for the next six months at 90.4, fell short of the market consensus of 90.5 but remains higher than the former reading of 89.7.

Daily digest market movers: EUR/USD holds strength as US Dollar declines

EUR/USD moves higher above 1.0850 in a thin trading volume session on account of a holiday in United States markets due to Memorial Day. This week, volatility is expected to be high as the Eurostat is set to release the preliminary inflation data for May and the United States Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) will report the core Personal Consumption Expenditure Price Index (PCE) data for April. Both reports will be published on Friday.
Investors will keenly focus on the Eurozone inflation data as ECB policymakers are widely expected to announce a rate cut in their monetary policy meeting in June, barring any surprise. ECB officials remain comfortable with market speculation for a return to policy normalization in June, but many are reluctant to commit to any subsequent move and want to remain data-dependent.
The expectations for the Eurozone preliminary inflation report suggest that the annual core reading – which strips off volatile items like food, energy, tobacco and alcohol – will remain steady at 2.7%. The headline figure is estimated to have accelerated to 2.5% from 2.4% in April. The inflation data isn’t likely to significantly impact the rate-cut decision for June.
Meanwhile, the US Dollar drops in the early European session, extending the steep sell-off of Friday. The US Dollar Index (DXY) fell to 104.60 despite investors losing confidence in the Federal Reserve (Fed) beginning to lower interest rates in the September meeting.
The CME FedWatch tool shows that traders see a little over 50% chance that the central bank will keep interest rates unchanged in September, up from 38% last week. The odds leaning towards keeping rates on hold have been driven by a surprisingly strong preliminary US PMI report for May.
This week, the core PCE inflation data will influence market speculation for Fed rate cuts in September. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) data for April, which was published earlier this month, showed price pressures cooled after a hot first quarter. This deceleration suggests that the core PCE, the Fed’s preferred inflation measure, will also have softened from its prior reading of 2.7% on a year-on-year basis.

Technical Analysis: EUR/USD remains firm as multi-period EMAs slope higher

EUR/USD consolidates around 1.0850 ahead of crucial inflation data for both the Eurozone and the US. The major currency pair indicates broader strength as it strongly holds the breakout from the Symmetrical Triangle chart pattern formed on a daily time frame.

The near-term outlook of the shared currency pair remains firm as it is trading above all short-to-long-term Exponential Moving Averages (EMAs).

The 14-period Relative Strength Index (RSI) has fallen into the 40.00-60.00 range, suggesting that the upside momentum has faded for now.

In case of further upside, the major currency pair is expected to recapture a two-month high at around 1.0900. A decisive break above this level would drive the asset towards the March 21 high at around 1.0950 and the psychological resistance of 1.1000. However, a downside move below the 200-day EMA at 1.0800 could push the pair further down.

ECB FAQs

What is the ECB and how does it influence the Euro?

The European Central Bank (ECB) in Frankfurt, Germany, is the reserve bank for the Eurozone. The ECB sets interest rates and manages monetary policy for the region. The ECB primary mandate is to maintain price stability, which means keeping inflation at around 2%. Its primary tool for achieving this is by raising or lowering interest rates. Relatively high interest rates will usually result in a stronger Euro and vice versa. The ECB Governing Council makes monetary policy decisions at meetings held eight times a year. Decisions are made by heads of the Eurozone national banks and six permanent members, including the President of the ECB, Christine Lagarde.

What is Quantitative Easing (QE) and how does it affect the Euro?

In extreme situations, the European Central Bank can enact a policy tool called Quantitative Easing. QE is the process by which the ECB prints Euros and uses them to buy assets – usually government or corporate bonds – from banks and other financial institutions. QE usually results in a weaker Euro. QE is a last resort when simply lowering interest rates is unlikely to achieve the objective of price stability. The ECB used it during the Great Financial Crisis in 2009-11, in 2015 when inflation remained stubbornly low, as well as during the covid pandemic.

What is Quantitative tightening (QT) and how does it affect the Euro?

Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse of QE. It is undertaken after QE when an economic recovery is underway and inflation starts rising. Whilst in QE the European Central Bank (ECB) purchases government and corporate bonds from financial institutions to provide them with liquidity, in QT the ECB stops buying more bonds, and stops reinvesting the principal maturing on the bonds it already holds. It is usually positive (or bullish) for the Euro.

Share: Feed news

Information on these pages contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Markets and instruments profiled on this page are for informational purposes only and should not in any way come across as a recommendation to buy or sell in these assets. You should do your own thorough research before making any investment decisions. FXStreet does not in any way guarantee that this information is free from mistakes, errors, or material misstatements. It also does not guarantee that this information is of a timely nature. Investing in Open Markets involves a great deal of risk, including the loss of all or a portion of your investment, as well as emotional distress. All risks, losses and costs associated with investing, including total loss of principal, are your responsibility. The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of FXStreet nor its advertisers. The author will not be held responsible for information that is found at the end of links posted on this page.

If not otherwise explicitly mentioned in the body of the article, at the time of writing, the author has no position in any stock mentioned in this article and no business relationship with any company mentioned. The author has not received compensation for writing this article, other than from FXStreet.

FXStreet and the author do not provide personalized recommendations. The author makes no representations as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability of this information. FXStreet and the author will not be liable for any errors, omissions or any losses, injuries or damages arising from this information and its display or use. Errors and omissions excepted.

The author and FXStreet are not registered investment advisors and nothing in this article is intended to be investment advice.