- Annual CPI inflation in the US is forecast to stay unchanged at 5% in April.
- Markets are fairly certain that the Fed leave its policy rate unchanged in June.
- Monthly Core CPI reading could influence the Fed's rate outlook.
Inflation in the US, as measured by the change in the Consumer Price Index (CPI), is forecast to stay unchanged at 5% on an annual basis in April. The Core CPI, which excludes volatile food and energy prices, is expected to rise 5.5% in the same period, compared to the 5.6% increase recorded in March.
Since the year-on-year rate of inflation is subject to base effects, investors will pay close attention to monthly figures to see whether price pressures remained uncomfortably high in April.
Market implications
The US Federal Reserve (Fed) raised its policy rate by 25 basis points (bps) to the range of 5-5.25% as expected following the May policy meeting. The US central bank stopped using the language saying "some additional policy firming may be appropriate” in its policy statement and revived expectations for a pause in the tightening cycle in June. Although FOMC Chairman Jerome Powell left the door open for one more rate increase by reiterating the data-dependent stance, it failed to persuade investors. According to the CME Group FedWatch Tool, markets are pricing a nearly 90% probability that the Fed will leave its interest rate unchanged at the upcoming policy meeting.
The US Dollar (USD) suffered heavy losses against its major rivals in the Fed aftermath last week and the US Dollar Index (DXY), which tracks the USD’s performance against a basket of six major currencies, came within a touching distance of the multi-month low it set below 101.00 in mid-April. The risk-averse market environment at the beginning of the new week helps the USD stage a rebound but a steady advance in the DXY depends on hawkish bets making a comeback after the US inflation report.
The CPI and the Core CPI are both estimated to increase 0.4% on a monthly basis. In March, the index for shelter, which makes up about a third of the Core CPI, was by far the biggest contributor to the month-on-month increase in the CPI. Hence, a stronger-than-expected monthly inflation reading by itself might not be able to convince markets of one more Fed rate hike in June if the shelter index, which tends to reflect price changes with a lag due to the contract lengths, remains as the dominant factor. In case Core CPI rises more than expected while shelter prices increase at a softening pace, investors could reassess the Fed’s policy outlook and lean toward a rate hike in June. In that scenario, the USD should continue to gather strength against its peers in the near term.
Source: bls.gov
On the other hand, a lower-than-expected increase in monthly Core CPI should allow markets to continue to position themselves for a Fed policy shift and put the USD under renewed selling pressure.
Earlier in the week, the Fed’s Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices reminded investors of tightening financial conditions. The Fed’s quarterly publication showed that survey respondents noted “tighter standards and weaker demand for commercial and industrial loans to large and middle-market firms”. Banks also reported that demand for all commercial real estate loan categories was weakening. “On balance, banks widely reported expecting to tighten their lending standards over the rest of the year,” the Fed further noted. The Fed is yet to fully understand the impact of the recent banking crisis on economic activity but a soft core inflation reading in April should buy the Fed some time before it decides whether it has reached the terminal rate.
Information on these pages contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Markets and instruments profiled on this page are for informational purposes only and should not in any way come across as a recommendation to buy or sell in these assets. You should do your own thorough research before making any investment decisions. FXStreet does not in any way guarantee that this information is free from mistakes, errors, or material misstatements. It also does not guarantee that this information is of a timely nature. Investing in Open Markets involves a great deal of risk, including the loss of all or a portion of your investment, as well as emotional distress. All risks, losses and costs associated with investing, including total loss of principal, are your responsibility. The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of FXStreet nor its advertisers. The author will not be held responsible for information that is found at the end of links posted on this page.
If not otherwise explicitly mentioned in the body of the article, at the time of writing, the author has no position in any stock mentioned in this article and no business relationship with any company mentioned. The author has not received compensation for writing this article, other than from FXStreet.
FXStreet and the author do not provide personalized recommendations. The author makes no representations as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability of this information. FXStreet and the author will not be liable for any errors, omissions or any losses, injuries or damages arising from this information and its display or use. Errors and omissions excepted.
The author and FXStreet are not registered investment advisors and nothing in this article is intended to be investment advice.
Recommended Content
Editors’ Picks
EUR/USD trades sideways below 1.0450 amid quiet markets
EUR/USD defends gains below 1.0450 in European trading on Monday. Thin trading heading into the Xmas holiday and a modest US Dollar rebound leaves the pair in a familair range. Meanwhile, ECB President Lagarde's comments fail to impress the Euro.
GBP/USD stays defensive below 1.2600 after UK Q3 GDP revision
GBP/USD trades on the defensive below 1.2600 in the European session on Monday. The pair holds lower ground following the downward revision to the third-quarter UK GDP data, which weighs negatively on the Pound Sterling amid a broad US Dollar uptick.
Gold price holds comfortably above $2,600 mark; lacks bullish conviction
Gold price oscillates in a range at the start of a new week amid mixed fundamental cues. Geopolitical risks continue to underpin the XAU/USD amid subdued US Dollar price action. The Fed’s hawkish stance backs elevated US bond yields and caps the pair’s gains.
The US Dollar ends the year on a strong note
The US Dollar ends the year on a strong note, hitting two-year highs at 108.45. The Fed expects a 50-point rate cut for the full year 2025 versus 4 cuts one quarter earlier, citing higher inflation forecasts and a stubbornly strong labour market.
Bank of England stays on hold, but a dovish front is building
Bank of England rates were maintained at 4.75% today, in line with expectations. However, the 6-3 vote split sent a moderately dovish signal to markets, prompting some dovish repricing and a weaker pound. We remain more dovish than market pricing for 2025.
Best Forex Brokers with Low Spreads
VERIFIED Low spreads are crucial for reducing trading costs. Explore top Forex brokers offering competitive spreads and high leverage. Compare options for EUR/USD, GBP/USD, USD/JPY, and Gold.