USD/INR remains under pressure, eyes on Indian, US CPI data
|- The Indian Rupee (INR) edges higher on Monday on the softer USD.
- The RBI is likely to maintain its monetary policy stance as the upside risks to food inflation remain.
- Market players will closely watch the Indian and US CPI inflation data for February, due on Tuesday.
The Indian Rupee (INR) trades on a stronger note on Monday amid the decline of the US dollar (USD). The mixed US February labor market data on Friday has exerted some selling pressure on the Greenback as it has triggered the possibility of a rate cut in June.
The markets estimate the Indian Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation for February to ease to 5.02% from 5.10% in January. Analysts believe that the upside risks to food inflation remain, and it should keep the RBI on the sidelines for longer with no urgency to cut rates. This, in turn, might boost the Indian Rupee and act as a headwind for the USD/INR pair.
Investors will keep an eye on India’s CPI inflation and Industrial Production on Tuesday. On Wednesday, the attention will shift to the Wholesale Price Index (WPI) of Food, Fuel and Inflation. On the US docket, the February CPI and Retail Sales will be released on Tuesday and Thursday, respectively.
Daily Digest Market Movers: Indian Rupee remains strong amid high inflation, geopolitical risks
- The INR has climbed 0.5% this year, making it Asia's top-performing currency in 2024, as foreign investors continued to purchase local bonds ahead of the country's entry into global debt indexes.
- Traders will monitor the maturity of the Reserve Bank of India’s $5 billion USD/INR sell-buy swap on Monday, which might impact the overnight USD/INR swap rate and forward premiums.
- The US Nonfarm Payrolls rose by 275K in February from 229K in January, stronger than the market expectation of 200K, according to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) on Friday.
- The Unemployment Rate in the US rose to 3.9% in February from 3.7% in January, the highest level in two years.
- The US wage growth, as measured by the Average Hourly Earnings, rose by 4.3% YoY in February versus 4.4% prior, below the market consensus of 4.4%.
- Fed Chair Powell said last week during his semiannual testimony that more confidence is needed before the central bank is ready to lower the rate, but they’re not far from it.
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Technical Analysis: Indian Rupee remains capped within a longer term band of 82.60-83.15
Indian Rupee trades strongly on the day. USD/INR remains confined within a multi-month-old descending trend channel since December 8, 2023 around 82.60-83.15.
In the near term, the bearish outlook of USD/INR remains intact as the pair is the 100-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA) on the daily chart. Additionally, the 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) lies in bearish territory below the 50.0 midlines, indicating that further decline looks favorable.
The potential support level will emerge near the lower limit of the descending trend channel at 82.60. A breach of this level could draw in more bears and put a move back to a low of August 23 at 82.45 and finally a low of June 1 at 82.25.
On the bright side, the confluence of the 100-day EMA and a psychological round figure of 83.00 act as an immediate resistance level. Further north, the pair could open up a move to the upper boundary of the descending trend channel at 83.15. An upside breakout above 83.15 will see a rally to a high of January 2 at 83.35, en route to 84.00.
US Dollar price today
The table below shows the percentage change of US Dollar (USD) against listed major currencies today. US Dollar was the weakest against the Swiss Franc.
| USD | EUR | GBP | CAD | AUD | JPY | NZD | CHF | |
| USD | 0.04% | 0.02% | 0.01% | 0.15% | 0.17% | 0.06% | 0.00% | |
| EUR | -0.03% | -0.02% | -0.03% | 0.12% | 0.14% | 0.03% | -0.03% | |
| GBP | -0.02% | 0.01% | -0.02% | 0.13% | 0.16% | 0.05% | -0.02% | |
| CAD | 0.01% | 0.02% | 0.01% | 0.14% | 0.15% | 0.05% | -0.01% | |
| AUD | -0.15% | -0.11% | -0.13% | -0.15% | 0.02% | -0.09% | -0.15% | |
| JPY | -0.15% | -0.13% | 0.10% | -0.16% | -0.01% | -0.10% | -0.17% | |
| NZD | -0.06% | -0.03% | -0.05% | -0.06% | 0.09% | 0.11% | -0.05% | |
| CHF | 0.00% | 0.04% | 0.02% | 0.01% | 0.15% | 0.16% | 0.06% |
The heat map shows percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is picked from the left column, while the quote currency is picked from the top row. For example, if you pick the Euro from the left column and move along the horizontal line to the Japanese Yen, the percentage change displayed in the box will represent EUR (base)/JPY (quote).
Inflation FAQs
What is inflation?
Inflation measures the rise in the price of a representative basket of goods and services. Headline inflation is usually expressed as a percentage change on a month-on-month (MoM) and year-on-year (YoY) basis. Core inflation excludes more volatile elements such as food and fuel which can fluctuate because of geopolitical and seasonal factors. Core inflation is the figure economists focus on and is the level targeted by central banks, which are mandated to keep inflation at a manageable level, usually around 2%.
What is the Consumer Price Index (CPI)?
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in prices of a basket of goods and services over a period of time. It is usually expressed as a percentage change on a month-on-month (MoM) and year-on-year (YoY) basis. Core CPI is the figure targeted by central banks as it excludes volatile food and fuel inputs. When Core CPI rises above 2% it usually results in higher interest rates and vice versa when it falls below 2%. Since higher interest rates are positive for a currency, higher inflation usually results in a stronger currency. The opposite is true when inflation falls.
What is the impact of inflation on foreign exchange?
Although it may seem counter-intuitive, high inflation in a country pushes up the value of its currency and vice versa for lower inflation. This is because the central bank will normally raise interest rates to combat the higher inflation, which attract more global capital inflows from investors looking for a lucrative place to park their money.
How does inflation influence the price of Gold?
Formerly, Gold was the asset investors turned to in times of high inflation because it preserved its value, and whilst investors will often still buy Gold for its safe-haven properties in times of extreme market turmoil, this is not the case most of the time. This is because when inflation is high, central banks will put up interest rates to combat it.
Higher interest rates are negative for Gold because they increase the opportunity-cost of holding Gold vis-a-vis an interest-bearing asset or placing the money in a cash deposit account. On the flipside, lower inflation tends to be positive for Gold as it brings interest rates down, making the bright metal a more viable investment alternative.
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